kW: Kilo Watt (=1,000 watt)

MW: Mega Watt (=1,000,000 watt)

kWh: Kilo Watt/hour

GWh: Giga watt/hour

EBITDA: Earnings before interest, taxes depreciation and amortization

SPP: Solar Power Plant

WEPP: Wind Energy Power Plant

HEPP: Hydro Electrical Power Plant

RER: Renewable Energy Resources

TETC (Turkey Electricity Transmission Corporation): Responsible organization for operating the electricity transmission system

EPİAŞ (Enerji Piyasaları İşletme A.Ş.): Market operator providing services for Day-Ahead and Intraday spot electricity markets, Spot Natural Gas Market, Futures Electricity Market, Futures Natural Gas Market, and the Renewable Energy Resource Guarantee System and Market.

EMRA (Energy Market Regulatory Authority): Regulatory authority overseeing the energy market in Turkey

Unit Price: The price set per unit of electrical energy

Spot Market: The market where real-time electricity buying and selling take place

Spot Price: The instantaneous electricity price determined at the point where supply and demand meet during a specific time period in the electricity market.

Eligible Consumer: Real or legal person free to choose the supplier as directly connected to the transmission system or consuming more than electrical energy amount determined by Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EPDK)

Supplier: Production companies, auto producers, auto producer groups, wholesale companies, retail sale companies, retail sale licensed distribution companies that provide electrical power and /or capacity to its customers

Consumer: Dependent or independent consumers that but electricity for own needs

Renewable Energy: Type of energy generated by continuous, natural processes These resources are sun, wind, rivers, biological processes and geothermal.

Installed Capacity: Represents the production capacity that would occur under ideal conditions with all production equipment operating simultaneously at maximum effiency in power plants.

Capacity Utilization Rate: A measure of efficiency that expresses the ratio of the actual electricity produced by a power plant in a given period of time to the maximum amount of energy that could theoretically be produced during the same period.

Ancillary Services: Supportive services used to ensure the safe, balanced and continuous operation of the electricity grid.

Bilateral Agreements: Private contracts between energy producers and large consumers or suppliers that regulate the purchase and sale of a specific amount of electricity at a specific price over a given period.

Primary Frequency Control: The first level automatic control system that is activated quickly in order to stabilize the frequency balance of the electricity grid.

Secondary Frequency Control: An ancillary service where demand or generation capacity is adjusted to regulate frequency in the electricity grid.

Capacity Payment: Payments made to electricity producers to incentivize them to maintain a certain production capacity in the electricity market.

Commissioning Date: The official date when a power plant is commercially commissioned and begins generating electricity in the energy sector.

Initial Public Offering (IPO): The process by which a company's shares start trading on the capital markets.

Dividend: The portion of the distributable net profit that companies distribute to shareholders, based on the company’s profit distribution policy, following a recommendation by the board of directors and approval by the general assembly.

General Assembly: The highest decision-making body of a company, consisting of a meeting attended by shareholders.